Lewis, T. O., Barreto, M., & Doyle, D. M. (2022). Stigma, identity and support in social relationships of transgender people throughout transition: A qualitative analysis of multiple perspectives. Journal of Social Issues.

Supportive social relationships are vital for health and well‐being asthey serve to ameliorate stress and therefore reduce the likelihood ofsuffering from disease across the life course. This social support could bemore essential for transgender people, who experience unique social stressdue to their marginalized status. The current study compared and contrastedthe experiential accounts of transgender people, their relational partnersand gender service providers using a thematic phenomenological methodologyacross a series of focus groups and interviews. In total, there were 17participants across three focus groups (eight transgender people, sixrelational partners, and three service providers) and nine participants inthe interviews (three transgender people, three relational partners and threeservice providers). Four overarching themes were identified: (1) Coming outand identity management, (2) Reciprocal support in relationships, (3) Socialtransition and gender identity affirmation, (4) Experiences in the LGBTQ+community. Issues of stigma, identity, and support were present throughoutall the themes. Receiving gender identity affirmation from supportiverelational partners was essential for transgender people, while externalsupport was highlighted as something relational partners needed (but did notoften seek). This research has implications for understanding how transgenderpeople and their relational partners support one another when facing stressand stigma.