Dr. Shafer is a sociologist that studies the facilitators of and barriers to father involvement and engagement in families. Much of this work focuses on how policies, such as paternity leave, child allowances, and healthcare, contribute to cross-national differences in fathering. His work also addresses the relationship between mental health, fathering, and child outcomes. He is currently working on a book focused on similarities and differences in fathering behavior between the United States and Canada. His work has appeared in journals such as the Journal of Marriage & Family and Journal of Family Issues.